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A scientist turned ethicist
September/October 2008
by Bruce Fellman
"Sometimes, it pays to be a rebel," wrote Arthur
Galston, the Eaton Professor Emeritus of Botany, in an October 2002 essay about
Duke Ellington that was published in this magazine. Galston, who died on June
15 at the age of 88 from congestive heart failure, certainly had a cause.
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Galston’s work helped lead to the development of Agent Orange.
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A respected plant physiologist, Galston is known for
an act of rebellion during the Vietnam War that helped end the U.S. military's
use of Agent Orange. Some of Galston’s work in the early 1940s had helped lead
to the development of the herbicide. But after learning about the ecological
and human toll caused by the widespread use of the defoliant in Vietnam,
Galston and a few colleagues began, in the mid-1960s, to lobby against the
spraying campaign. In 1970, after a Department of Defense study—conducted in
response to Galston’s charges—confirmed that the herbicide was linked to birth
defects, President Nixon halted the spraying.
Galston, a native of Brooklyn who got his doctorate
in plant biology from the University of Illinois, joined the Yale faculty in
1955. In his lengthy academic career, he authored several textbooks and more
than 320 academic papers, many of them on plant pigments and discoveries he
made about how plants sense and respond to light. After his mandatory
retirement from the biology faculty in 1990, he pursued full-time a
professional interest in bioethics that had been sparked by his experience with
Agent Orange. His second career with Yale’s Interdisciplinary Center for
Bioethics resulted in two textbooks, more than 50 public policy articles, and a
popular course on bioethics. |
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