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History on Ice
February
2003
by Judith Ann Schiff
Judith
Ann Schiff is Chief Research Archivist at the Yale University Library.
Sports
historians are all in agreement that the first intercollegiate hockey
game in the United
States matched a team from Yale with one from Johns Hopkins. The
authorities concur that the premier contest took place in February
1896. But, more than a century after the two schools took to the
ice in Baltimore, the precise date that marks the collegiate inauguration
of the sport in this country remains, surprisingly enough, a matter
of contention.
To be sure, Oxford
and Cambridge were the first colleges anywhere in the world to face
off against each other; their match took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland,
in 1885. The introduction of hockey to Yale and the U.S. can be
traced to Malcolm G. Chace, Class of 1896, a champion tennis player
in the Sheffield Scientific School. He and classmate Arthur Foote
had gone to Canada to play in a tennis tournament, and while they
were there, they discovered a new sport. Chace and Foote became
fans of the popular game that had been introduced by British soldiers
stationed in Nova Scotia, and the two men decided to bring hockey
to the U.S., where it soon replaced the game of ice polo.
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The
first Yale article about an intercollegiate match appeared
in the Alumni Weekly in February 1896.
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In the winter of 1895-96,
a Yale hockey club began to form. The first article in a Yale publication
on an intercollegiate match appeared in the Alumni Weekly in February 1896. On February 5, the report notes that "a few members
of the University went down to Baltimore to play matches with Johns
Hopkins and the Baltimore Athletic Club." This concurs with the
account by Johns Hopkins that the first match was played on February
1.
The game was described
as a stubborn and hard-fought duel, and an evenly matched one at
that. It ended in a 2-2 tie.
Two weeks later, on
February 14, the two teams again faced off at Johns Hopkins. But
this time, the result was a 2-1 Yale victory.
The
contest was, of course, the second U.S. intercollegiate hockey match,
but sports fans then and now regard ties as inconsequential, and
so Captain Chace's winning game is credited by Walter Camp and by
most sports encyclopedias as the first. The Yale Daily News reported on it at some length and noted the large and enthusiastic
Baltimore audience. Yale went on to play a series of matches in
the spring against the St. Nicholas Rink Team in New York City:
first losing 6-1, then winning 5-1, and finally losing the tie-breaker
2-0. In May the News reported that Yale would join a hockey
league of principal Eastern colleges and athletic clubs.
In those formative
years prior to the establishment of the first professional hockey
teams in 1903, Yale played a variety of opponents, but until 1900
Harvard was not among them. The Game on Ice debuted at the St. Nicholas
Rink on February 26, 1900. Admission to the black-tie affair was
by invitation only, and the arena was filled with nearly 2,000 spectators,
including many ladies and alumni of both colleges. The New York
Times headline, "Yale Hockey Team Wins," described the "lowering
of the Crimson Colors" in a rough game on very fast ice. It was
"pandemonium," said the Times, and among the "frenzied cheers"
of the spectators "rang the picturesque frogs chorus of Yale" and
"the quaint cheer Har-vard! Har-vard! Har-vard!" The score was
tied three times, and Yale's 5-4 victory was not assured until
the final whistle blew. Yale's glory was topped off in March when
under Captain James S. Campbell, the team won the intercollegiate
series by defeating Columbia 6-4.
In 1998, just over
a century after he laced up his skates for Yale, Malcolm G. Chace
was memorialized when the head coaching job was named in his honor.
The coaching position is funded by a gift from his grandson, Malcolm
G. Chace '56. It is currently occupied by Tim Taylor, who has led
the Bulldogs for the past 23 campaigns and, in the process, has
recorded more wins than any coach in Yale's hockey history.
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